Audi A4

 (View All Models)
Audi A4 Pictures

Audi A4 Price

Rs 29,06,000* - Rs 41,52,000*
  Get On Road Price   
Ex-Showroom Price in Your City
(Rating 4.00 out of 5 based on 12 reviews)
Get Discount Book a Test Drive Instant Car Loan Get Insurance Deal Audi Dealers Road Test
 

3 May, 2012 : Audi A4, the cheapest Audi in India has been launched in a new avatar today at Turf Club in Mumbai with great pomp and show. Priced at a starting Rs 27.33 lakh (ex-showroom Maharashtra) , Audi A4 facelift has already been familiarised with the global markets and has today reached Indian shores outpacing the arrival of its arch rival-BMW 3 Series. The cut Audi A4 price is about Rs 60,000 less than its nearest rival the BMW 3 series. Apart from major exterior changes and interior modifications which are normally seen in all the facelifts, the new Audi car is offered in new engines. While 1.8 TFSI is still the base variant of petrol line up, 2.0 TDI priced at 29.38 lakh forms the first ladder of diesel staircase. Apart from these two, there is a 3.0 TDI engine priced at Rs 38 lakh (all prices ex-showroom Maharashtra). All the three variants are also available in S-Line sports optional package. The new electromechanical steering system, automatic start/stop, brake energy recuperation makes new A4 more frugal than the outgoing A4. The fuel efficiency on the petrol variants is improved by 25% and is 15.64 kmpl . The German car maker has also announced the launch of an all in one package 'New Audi Car Life' with Audi A4 which includes car finance, insurance service plans and extended warranty.

see more »

Audi A4 Cars

Ex-showroom Price
Audi A4 1.8 TFSI Photo
Audi A4 1.8 TFSI

1798cc, Automatic, Petrol, 15.64 kmpl   Specs | Features

Rs. 29,06,000*

Get On Road Price

New Audi A4 2.0 TDI Multitronic Photo
New Audi A4 2.0 TDI Multitronic

1968cc, Manual, Diesel, 15.2 kmpl   Specs | Features

Rs. 31,24,000*

Get On Road Price

Audi A4 3.0 TDI Quattro Photo
Audi A4 3.0 TDI Quattro

2967cc, Automatic, Diesel, 14.94 kmpl   Specs | Features

Rs. 41,52,000*

Get On Road Price

* Audi A4 Prices shown here are indicative prices only.The Audi A4 Ex-Showroom price range displays the lowest approximate price of Audi A4 3.0 TDI Quattro car model throughout India exclusive of tax,registration, insurance and cost of accessories. For exact prices of Audi A4 , please contact the Audi A4 dealer.

Audi A4 Review

 

Overall

Audi A4 Pictures
  • Photos

  • Videos

  • Audi A4
  • Audi A4
  • Audi A4
  • Audi A4
  • Audi A4
  • Audi A4
  • Audi A4
  • Audi A4 Showroom Trailer
  • New 2012 Audi A4 four wheel drive
  • Audi A4

2012 Audi A4 description The well-known German luxury car maker, Audi revealed its new Audi A4 sedan. The 2012 Audi A4 has a fresh feel that lures the youth of the country and would definitely touch a much wider and broader consumer base. There are a lot of improvements done in Audi A4 regarding the interiors and exteriors. Even the engine options have been tweaked a little. The new Audi A4 comes with advanced design, resourceful driving dynamics and high class interiors that would take your driving experience to a new height. The engines now come with advanced technology , which help in generating higher fuel efficiency whereas the new and fine interiors surely add more luxury to the car.

 

Audi is said to be one of the fastest growing luxury car maker in the country. The signature four rings on the Audi cars make its cars look much stylish and a leader in its own way. This German car maker has offered numerous high class vehicles such as Audi RS5, Audi R8, Audi TT, Audi Q7 and Q5. Audi A4 has been Audi’s bestselling car since last 39 years now and the 2012 Audi A4 is actually the 8th generation car. Since 1972, the company has managed to sell about more than 10 million A4’s, which is extremely impressive and a milestone for the company. Even in the first quarter of 2012.

 

Audi A4 sold huge amount of units and battled it out with its rivals and went on becoming the segment leader. The freshness of new Audi A4 will take this sedan to a whole new level. This time around, Audi has done quite prominent changes in the exteriors and interiors of the car. The new Audi A4 sports accentuated horizontal lines in the front, while the headlamps have been given a more stylish look. The single frame grille is a bit tapered and the signature Audi Rings have a three dimensional look. The bumper have been refurbished and come with angular air inlets and the front fog lamps have a very distinct character of their own.

 

The 2012 Audi A4 is being offered in 3 different engine options- One petrol and two diesel. The petrol variant of 2012 Audi A4 will feature 1.8 litre of TFSI engine churning out 118 kW of power , which delivers about 15.64 km per litre of mileage certified by ARAI. This means the fuel efficiency here is about 25% higher than its previous model. The diesel variant will have two engine options, 2.0 TDI and 3.0 TDI. The 2.0 Litre of TDI engine producing 105 kW of power delivers 16.55 km per litre of mileage certified by ARAI as well, while the 3.0 TDI diesel engine churns out great power along with enhanced mileage.

 

Numerous features, like LED daytime running light, Xenon plus headlights, driver information system, efficiency increase and Audi Music Interface are now available in Audi A4, which were previously available in cars like Audi A6, Audi A8 etc. The new driver information system in 2012 Audi A4 has taken the sedan to a whole new level. Moreover, the engines are turbocharged direct injection system and the start stop technology being offered in the Audi A4 petrol variants is classic and will help in saving fuel. The high class infotainment system is perfect, which is accompanied by radio and eight speakers. The MMI system has voice dialogue facility with DVD player and colored monitor. When it comes to price, 2012 Audi A4 has certainly a higher price tag as compared to its previous model. But, the new features, fresh design and altered engines make the sedan worth every penny you spend on it.

Audi A4 Models

Audi A4 Petrol Models

Audi A4 1.8 TFSI The 2012 Audi A4 1.8 TFSI is a very posh and luxurious saloon. The car is powered by a very strappy and robust petrol engine of 1.8 litre TFSI, which churns out quite an impressive 118 kW of power with peak torque of 250 Nm. The fuel economy delivered by this 1.8 litre TFSI engine is 15.6 km per litre, which has been certified by ARAI.

Audi A4 Diesel Models

Audi A4 3.0 TDI Quattro This is the top end trim of the refreshed Audi A4 and comes with 3.0 litre TDI diesel engine. the engine is quite commanding and keeps the ability to generate impressive power and torque and delivers inspiring mileage as well. on the outside, there exteriors have been given a fresh look, while the interiors have been made much more luxurious than before.
New Audi A4 2.0 TDI Multitronic The Audi A4 2.0 TDI is the diesel variant of 2012 Audi A4. The car has been refurbished in almost every sense. Under the bonnet, one would see 2.0 litre of TDI diesel engine that produces 105 kW of power along with bombastic torque of 320 Nm. The mileage delivered by this diesel engine has ARAI certified and lands around 16.5 km per litre.
Compare Audi A4 Diesel Models

Audi A4 Mileage

Editor's take : Fuel economy isn’t the best-selling point of luxury vehicles, but the 2.0-litre TDI engine of the A4 is highly fuel-efficient and can be compared to most of the C+ segment.

 

Audi India has played its cards really well this time with new Audi A4. In a mileage driven country like India, Audi has launched its entry level sedan car with quite frugal engines that the much better than their predecessor. The fuel efficiency on an average has improved by 10 percent on the new Audi A4. The 1.8 TFSI petrol engine delivers a fuel efficiency of 15.64 kmpl as certified by ARAI. This mileage is nearly 25 percent higher compared to its predecessor. The base diesel variant 2.0 TDI offers an ARAI certified efficiency of 16.55 kmpl , thus ensuring best in class fuel efficiency. There is one more engine on board, the 3.0 litre TDI which powers new Audi A4. This mighty motor delivers 14.94 kmpl.

Power of Audi A4

Audi A4 Photos

Editor's take : The power produced by the various engines of the A4 is good and competitive in the luxury segment.

 

The 2012 Audi A4 has been rolled out in three trims, one petrol, and two diesel models. The petrol powered Audi 1.8 TFSI Quattro comes with an engine displacement of 1798 cc along with the Inline four-cylinder spark-ignition engine with exhaust turbocharger and intercooler DOHC. The 1.8L TFSI engine produces maximum power of 170 Hp at 3800 -6200 with the max torque of 320 Nm at 1400-3700 rpm. Coming to the diesel counterparts , the 2.0L TDI engine comes with an engine displacement of 1968 cc.  This diesel powered Audi A4 derives it power from the direct injection TDI engine that comes mated with the Inline four-cylinder diesel engine with VTG turbocharger and DOHC.

 This 2.0 TDI version of Audi A4 delivers max power of 143 HP at 4200 rpm and the torque of 320 Nm at 1750-2500rpm. The high end diesel variant 3.0L TDI Quattro comes with V6 engine with 90° V angle and displacement of 2967 / 83.0 x 91.4 / 16.8 cc . The 3.0L TDI engine produces peak power of 245 HP at 4000-4500 with a peak torque of 500Nm at 1400-3250 rpm.

 

Audi A4 Colours

These colors are available with all variants of Audi A4

 
Moonlight Blue Metallic
 
Brilliant Red
 
Teak Brown Metallic
 
Phantom Black, Pearl Effect
 
Ibis White
 
Ice Silver Metallic

Acceleration & Pick-Up

Editor's take : The acceleration of the A4 engines is good for city and highway driving.

 

Audi A4 1.8 TFSI sprint capability from 0-100 kmph is a mere 8.3 seconds and comes with a top speed of 225 kmph. On the other hand, 3.0 Turbodiesel touches the mark of 100 kmph from 0 kmph in merely 5.9 seconds. It can touch a top speed of 250 kmph. Lastly 2.0 TDI goes from 0-100 kmph in 9.1 seconds and comes with a top speed of 210 kmph .

Audi A4 Exteriors

 

Audi India has given its luxurious car, Audi A4 a midlife facelift and this makeover certainly enhanced the entire look of the car. By a single glace, the 2012 Audi A4 keeps the ability to take your breath away.  Starting with the front fascia of new Audi A4, the saloon features highly stylized features. The LED running lamps have been refurbished, the bumper has been re-styled and the bonnet design now has much better contour. The grille in the front is broad and extremely prominent, which proudly holds Audi’s signature rings. The fog lamps on the front have been provided with a trapezoidal shape that enhances the look of the car substantially. The curvilinear headlamp works well with reworked LED running lamps. The LED units are no longer in staggered blocks – instead their design is sharper , flowing down the headlight before doubling back.

 

Coming to the side profile of 2012 Audi A4, the car features smooth creases that flawlessly blend the overall body theme. The five spoke alloy wheels are well-fitted into a brilliantly carved wheel arches. The body colored handles with body colored external mirrors further adds more charm and charisma to the exteriors of the car. At the rear end, 2012 Audi A4 has restyled tail lights, which are elongated in a much focused way, while the Audi rings are positioned in the middle of the rear bumper. The exhaust tail pipes have been placed low, which doesn’t hinder the looks of the saloon and the high mounted stop light is present as well. All these features have made the new Audi A4 much more amplified and better than the ongoing model of the saloon. The huge panoramic sun roof is another major highlight along with long wheelbase that makes the car look more of a saloon. The price factor has certainly gone up a bit because of such high class exteriors, but the looks of the 2012 Audi A4 are worth every penny you spend.

 

Exterior Measurements

 

The total length of Audi A4 measures about 4701 mm while it is 1826 mm wide. Audi A4 stands 1427 mm high from ground. And the distance between its wheels is 2808 mm. The front track is 1564 mm and the rear track is 1551 mm. Fuel tank capacity is 61 litre. The unladen weight of Audi A4 varies from 1470 kg to 1680 mm depending upon the variants.

 

Audi A4 Interior

Editor's take : The interiors of the A4 are luxurious and feel very lounge-like. The front row space is good, however, the second row is a bit tight on kneeroom.

 

Audi A4's interior generally impresses for design, luxury, pleasant colors, comfort and workmanship. The ergonomic placement of controls and its high level of fit and finish exude an air of sophistication. The car’s electronics are placed in the center. All other controls are designed and placed properly. The interior cabin of the sedan comprises of high quality leather upholstery. Adding to the premium feeling is the ambient lighting that is provided within the cabin. Audi A4 interior has a dual zone climate control. It also has a powerful stereo system. A driver-tilted LCD is situated on the top of the trendy instrument panel, which gets a sleek wooden trim. Audi has a sport option for city driving in which the upshifts occur at about 3000 rpm.

 

Interior comfort

 

Audi A4 interiors provide superior road handling and driving comfort. The latest model of the car comes with a unique Drive Select technology, which enables the driver to choose from “Comfort” and “Dynamic ” drive modes, by operating buttons located on the instrument panel. The dynamic suspension system, with upper and lower wishbones; tubular anti-roll bar in the front and Independent, trapezoidal link, anti roll bar in the rear are specifically designed for agile handling, to enable sharp bending with ease. The seats are firm and comfortable and spacious which makes long drives a pleasurable experience.

 

Interior measurement

 

The A4 sedan offers 12.4 cubic feet of trunk space, which is slightly less than average when compared with other upscale midsize cars. The only drawback is that cargo space is limited compared with other cars in its class. Legroom is ample, though the center console steals enough knee space to annoy some drivers. Headroom is fine for 6-footers, but the sunroof's housing steals a bit of space. Audi A4 facelift gives it great stability even at high speeds along with brilliant handling ensures that you have a winner on your hands .

 

Audi A4 Engine and Performance

Audi A4 Engine

Editor's take : The outright performance of the A4 is good, especially the 3.0-litre TDI, which is one of our favourite diesel mills.

 

2012 Audi A4 has been successful in impressing the entire Indian auto industry and the major thing that helped Audi A4 to win so many hearts is its engine options. The new and fresh Audi A4 is rolled out in 3 engine options, one petrol and two diesel. Looking at the soaring demand for diesel cars, Audi took a smart move and unveiled its 2012 Audi A4 in two diesel variants. The petrol version of the new Audi A4 sports 1.8 litre of TFSI engine, which is immensely dynamic and robust. The engine comfortably produces about 170HP of power at the rate of 3800 to 6200 rpm with peak torque of 250 Nm at the rate of 1400 to 3700 rpm. The 15.67 km per litre of mileage delivered by this petrol engine ensures that it won’t require as high maintenance as one expects. Performance wise, the petrol version of Audi A4 comes out with flying colors.

 

The diesel version of 2012 Audi A4 comprises of two engine options, 2.0 TDI and 3.0 TDI. The 2.0 litre TDI engine produces peak power of 143HP at 4200 rpm along with bombastic torque of 320 Nm at 1750 to 2500 rpm. The 16.7 km per litre of fuel economy is impressively delivered by this engine. On the other hand, the 3.0 litre TDI engine is also quite powerful and strappy and manages to generate very imposing power output of 245HP at 4000 to 4500 rpm accompanied by magnificent torque of 500 Nm at the rate of 1400 to 3250 rpm.

 

Wheels

Audi A4 Wheels

The new Audi A4 has been beautifully carved out when it comes to its exteriors. The look and design of 2012 Audi A4 is further enhanced with the wheels fitted into skillfully done wheel arches. The 1.8 TFSI and 2.0 TDI powered Audi A4 versions feature 7J x 16 inch cast aluminum alloy wheels with 225/55 tires. On the other hand, the top trim, which has 3.0 TDI diesel engine sport 7.5 J x 16 lightweight forged aluminum wheels with 225/55 R16 tires .

Braking & Handling

Audi A4 DashBoard

Editor's take : The handling of the A4 is agile and the Quattro version of 3.0-litre TDI is one of the best in its segment.

 

The braking and suspension system of 2012 Audi A4 is very impressive indeed. The company knew the importance of brakes and suspensions, therefore provided the car with the best possible features. All there variant of 2012 Audi A4 comes with five link front suspension that is accompanied by upper and lower wishbones and tubular anti-roll bar. On the other hand, the independent wheel trapezoidal rear suspension comes together with resiliently mounted sub frame and anti-roll bar. The braking system installed in 2012 Audi A4 comprise of dual circuit brake system with diagonal split. The front has ventilated disks while the rear has disks brakes, both are accompanied by tandem brake booster, Anti lock braking system, electronic brake force distribution system , electronic stability programme and brake assist.

Handling & Safety

Audi A4 Safety

Editor's take : The A4 comes loaded with all the safety features that one can expect in a luxury vehicle. Airbags, ABS, ESP.

 

The handling of 2012 Audi A4 is super smooth and is further amplified by its electromechanical steering that has speed dependent power assistance. Audi has also taken care of the safety of its passengers as well as the car. The 2012 Audi A4 has been blessed with numerous safety features, which not only keep the passengers guarded, but in case of any accident or collision, less harm is caused to the body of the sedan. The car sports central and remote locking system and ABS that provided complete control over the car while driving. The traction control and ESP accompanied by dual front airbags with side and curtain airbags make sure that the passengers are safe in case of any accident. Therefore, one can be rest assured about the safety and handling department when buying the new 2012 Audi A4.

Stereo & Accessories in Audi A4

Audi A4 Accessories

Editor's take : The A4’s bucket comes filled with a lot of features that one will want in an entry-level sedan.

 

If you think you journey in Audi A4 will be boring, then you are completely wrong here. The brand new Audi A4 has a very inspiring and wonderful infotainment system. To make you ride entertaining and relaxing, the 2012 Audi A4 comes with DVD player with colored monitor, concert radio and eight speakers , which provide high quality sound output. Furthermore, the sedan also comes with MMI system that has voice dialogue facility. This time, Audi is offering Audi Car Life product with 2012 Audi A4. Driver Information System as well as Audi Music Interface has been added in the new car. The Audi Car Life product will comprise of extended warranty, service plan, financing and insurance. With this policy, consumers can enjoy max out convenience as these services can paid in just one single EMI rate. The Audi Car life product will also be offered with Audi A8, Audi A6, Audi Q7 and Audi Q5 in near future.

You can now buy Audi A4 accessories online. Great discounts available.

Pros & Cons

Audi A4 Pros :

Stylish Look, Luxurious and Spacious.

Audi A4 Specifications

Audi A4 Variants

Variants Transmission Engine Description Mileage Power AC Power Steering Central Locking
CityHighway
1.8 TFSI (Petrol) Automatic 1798cc
4 Cylinder 16 Valve
12.32 15.64 167bhp @ 3800-6200rpm Standard Standard Standard
3.0 TDI Quattro (Diesel) Automatic 2967cc
6 Cylinder 24 Valve
11.45 14.94 241bhp @ 4000-4500rpm Standard Standard Standard
2.0 TDI Multitronic (Diesel) Manual 1968cc
4 Cylinder 16 Valve
12.4 15.2 140.8bhp @ 4200rpm Standard Standard Standard

Audi A4 Price

Audi A4 Variants Price

Variants New Delhi Bangalore Mumbai Chennai Pune Hyderabad Kolkata
1.8 TFSI (Petrol) 27,85,000 29,06,000 27,33,000 29,06,000 30,32,590 29,06,000 29,30,000   Get On Road Price  
2.0 TDI Multitronic (Diesel) 29,93,000 28,10,000 29,38,000 31,24,000 32,53,090 31,24,000 31,50,000   Get On Road Price  
3.0 TDI Quattro (Diesel) 37,92,305 - 39,71,000 41,52,000 40,06,000 41,52,000 38,05,000   Get On Road Price  
 
Audi A4 Expert Review
Audi A4 is one of the bestselling sedans from the German car maker for the past 39 years. Initially sold as the ‘Audi 80’ and then as  A4 since 1994. The Audi 80 and the A4 have seen seven generations together and the company recently introduced the eight generation for the Indian market.  Audi has sold more than 10million A4 across the world and that should give you a fair i...
read more » 
Audi A4 User Reviews
(12)
Write a Review
Posted By Siddarth from  06 Apr,2013 477 Views  | 0 Comments
Look and Style Overall Experience I bought my A4 2.0TFSI in May 2010. From the time I had put on about 3500 kilometers, the car started showing excessive oil consumption problems. Ever since (over the next 13,000 kilometers), I've had to do frequent oil top ups (approximately one litre of synthetic oil every 1000 kilometers initially). When we initially reported the problem, after much persuasion, Audi service station admitted that excessive oil...
Posted By harsh from  26 Mar,2013 500 Views  | 0 Comments
audi has launced many cars in a less budget and the one of car in the list is audi a4. the telling 'less rate more uses suits this car. audi had done many inovation in the automobiles launcnched in india and one of the best inovation is done in this a4 series. 2012 Audi A4 description The well-known German luxury car maker, Audi revealed its new Audi A4 sedan. The 2012 Audi A4 has a fresh feel that lures the youth of the country and would defi...
Posted By Vikram Jit Singh from New Delhi 08 Jun,2012 2690 Views  |  2 Comments
Look and Style- Great Comfort- Good Pickup- Good Mileage- Good Best Features- Exterior Needs to improve- Build Quality, Quality of parts in the cabin, Better service network Overall Experience- Average/Poor- I own a 11 month Audi A4, 2.0 TDI- has been to the workshop atleast 7 times in last 6 months for quality defacts- too much rattle noise in the cabin- headlight and brakelights too had to be replaced as they were faulty. Avoi...
view more » 
Audi A4 Car News

Posted On 12 May,2012  |  2018 Views

The luxury car giant of German origins, Audi has recently surmounted the sales of the leading luxury car maker BMW in April 2012. This has happened for the first in quite some time now and this impressive growth in sales is a result of extraordinary performance and subsequent demand of Audi cars in the volume generating markets of China, Russia and United States. The company statistics reveal that in the month of April an increase of 14.4 percent to 125,200 units has been viewed by Audi cars and Sports Utility Vehicles together.

read more »  

Posted On 03 May,2012  |  10132 Views

Audi, the German luxury car manufacturer, today announced the launch of the new Audi A4 – its longest selling sedan. The new Audi A4 with its newly acquired emotional appeal reaches out to a younger and much wider customer base. The new Audi A4 offers considerable advantages over its predecessor and combines powerfully dynamic design with outstanding handling characteristics. Priced from INR 2,733,000 onwards (Ex-showroom Maharashtra), this sporty and stylish new model is now available at Audi dealerships across the country.

read more »  

Posted On 30 Apr,2012  |  1561 Views

The latest reports coming from the stables of Audi India reveals that the luxury auto major is going to roll out the newfangled Audi A4 on 3 May 2012. Audi A4 covers will be lifted in Mumbai at the Turf Club. The refreshed version of the sedan Audi A4 will come in both petrol and diesel trims with the trademark Quattro option. The diesel version will be powered by 3.0L TDi engine whereas the petrol Audi A4 version is going to be powered with 3.2 FSI engine. Audi A4 price is likely to start from Rs.27.69 lakh and the luxury car is go against the likes of BMW 3 series and Mercedes Benz C Class.

read more »  
view more » 
Audi A4 Car Question & Answer
Ask a Question 18 Questions  0 Unanswered
best features of audi A4  Reply

Posted By tanya 18 Apr,2013

wat is the on- road price of audi a4 in kerala..??  Reply

Posted By JUSTIN 02 Apr,2013

What diesel one should use for A4  Reply

Posted By Vikas 15 Feb,2013

view more » 

Comments on Audi A4

   Comments on Audi A4

Compare Audi A4

Audi A4 1.8 TFSI v/s
Missing your favorite car for comparison?
Add it here.

Quick Start On Audi A4

  • Get On Road Price
  • Book a Test Drive
  • Instant Car Loan
  • Get Insurance Deal

Quick Research On Audi A4

  • Audi A4 Brochures
  • Audi A4 Pictures
  • Audi A4 Videos
  • Audi A4 Reviews (12)
  • Audi Dealers
  • Used Audi A4 Cars
  • Audi A4 Models

Other Car Models of Audi in India

view more Audi car models in india
*Ex-Showroom Price In New-Delhi

New Cars 2013

Read on the new cars in 2013 in India. Get detailed information on upcoming cars 2013 including reviews and price.

view more in india

Popular New Cars of 2013 in India

Search popular new cars of 2013 in India. Get details such as expected price, specifications etc on CarDekho.com.

view more in india

Upcoming Cars in India

Know more about upcoming cars in India, get their expected price and expected launch date on CarDekho.com.

view more in india
Indicator  Please Wait ...
Copyright 2008-2013 Powered By Girnar Soft Automobiles Pvt. Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
Take a Test Drive in Your Area
Get Discount in Your Area
Get On-road Price in Your Area
Get Seller Details
Save Details On Mobile
Get Dealer Details
Alert Me When Launched
Get In Touch with Ford Expert
Get This Deal Now
Get Finance Deals
Indicator Please Wait...

All fields are mandatory.
close
close
Ask question about Audi A4
Indicator  Please Wait ...
Write Your Question Here
Comments